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Abstract
Over the past half-century, significant qualitative changes have occurred in the political and socio-economic structures of local governance due to public sector reforms driven by labor forces, civil wars, urbanization, and modernization. This research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of traditional and modern local governance from a historical perspective. These transformations have influenced the traditional governance structures worldwide, as highlighted by Francis Fukuyama (2004) in his book State-Building: Governance and World Order in the Twenty-First Century. This study examines key underlying principles, such as modernization, and their role in shaping local governance in Afghanistan. Through this exploration, the research attempts to answer the question: “What are the main changes in Afghanistan’s local governance as it transitions from traditional to modern governance?” To address this question, the paper first establishes a theoretical foundation by defining governance, local governance, and traditional governance. It then reviews historical events and public policies that led to the formation of the Afghan state and the transformation of traditional local governance into a modernized system.
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References
- Alfoneh, A. (2007). RAND Corporation. Retrieved from rand.org: www.rand.org
- Anwar Shah. (2006). Local Governance in Developing Countries. Washington: The World Bank.
- Barfield, T., & Nojumi, N. (2010). Bringing More Effective Governance to
Afghanistan: 10 Pathways to Stability. Middle East Policy, P 40-52.
- Benard, C. (2007). RAND Corporation. Retrieved from rand.org: www.rand.org
- Bevir, M. (2009). Key Concepts in Governance. Washington DC: SAGE.
- Bjorn, O. H. (2007). Decentralisation and Local Governance. Geneva: EDA.
- Blunt, P. (2015). Policy Paradigms, Subnational Governance, and the State Sovereignty Gap in
Afghanistan. Delhi: ResearchGate.
- Blunt, P. (2016). The Long and the Short of Policy Pantomime in Afghanistan. ResearchGate, P 1-24.
- Considine Mark, S. G. (2008). The Theory and Practice of Local Governance and Economic
Development. London: Palgrave.
- Fukuyama, F. (2004). State Building. New York: Cornell University Press.
- Hehir, A., & Robinson, N. (2007). State Building: theory and Practice. New York: Routledge.
- Hermann, D. H. (1983). Max Weber and the Concept of Legitimacy in Contemporary Jurisprudence .
DePaul Law Review, P 21-22.
- Jackson, P., & Marquette, H. (2008). The Interaction between traditional Systems and Local
Government Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa. Bermingham: The University of Bermingham.
- Jakobsen, P. V. (2007). RAND Corporation. Retrieved from rand.org: www.rand.org
- Jalali, A. (2007). RAND Corporation. Retrieved from rand.org: www.rand.org
- Lipset, S. M. (1993). The Social Requisits of Democracy. Jestor, 1-22.
- Lutz, G., & Wolf, L. (2004). Traditional Structures in Local Governance for Local Development.
Berne, Switzerland: University of Berne.
- Madhav, G. (2014). Good Governance Never on India's Radar. New Delhi: Rupa.
- Mark, B. (2009). Key Concepts in Governance. Lodon: SAGE.
- Mick, M. (2001). Political Underdevelopment. In M. Moor, Public Management Review,
pp 386-431. Brighton: Routledge.