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Abstract

Understanding the factors that influence life expectancy is crucial for formulating effective economic policies. Higher life expectancy reflects better economic, social, and health conditions in a society and is considered an investment in human capital. This study examines the impact of per capita income on life expectancy in Afghanistan using time series data from 2001 to 2020. Per capita income is one of the key determinants of life expectancy in all societies. Higher per capita income implies better access to goods and services, healthier nutrition, improved healthcare services, and greater overall well-being. To analyze the relationship and estimate the coefficients, the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is applied. The results indicate that GNI per capita has a positive and significant relationship with life expectancy in both the long and short run. A 1% increase in GNI per capita is associated with a 3.19-year increase in the long run and a 5.17-year increase in the short run. Government health expenditures and the education index also have a positive and significant impact on life expectancy in both the long and short term, whereas unemployment has a negative and significant effect in both periods.

Keywords

Education Index Government Health Expenditure GNI per capita Life Expectancy Unemployment

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Sediqi, F. A., & Haidari, Z. (2025). Per Capita Income and Life Expectancy in Afghanistan. Journal of Social Sciences - Kabul University, 8(1), 107–127. https://doi.org/10.62810/jss.v8i1.283
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